Asian Countries and Regions

by btobers · February 15, 2021

Home to 47 countries, Asia is the world’s largest and most populous continent, located primarily in the Eastern and Northern Hemispheres. It shares borders with Europe and Africa to its west, Oceania to its south, and North America to its east across the Bering Strait. Asia is known for its vast size and diverse cultures, languages, and histories, encompassing everything from the Arctic tundra of Russia to the tropical forests of Indonesia. The continent includes a variety of geographic features such as the Himalayas, the highest mountain range in the world, and the Gobi Desert, one of the driest deserts. Major economic centers include Tokyo, Beijing, and Mumbai, contributing significantly to global economy, technology, and culture.

Country	Capital	Population
Afghanistan	Kabul	38,928,346
Armenia	Yerevan	2,963,243
Azerbaijan	Baku	10,139,177
Bahrain	Manama	1,701,575
Bangladesh	Dhaka	164,689,383
Bhutan	Thimphu	771,608
Brunei	Bandar Seri Begawan	437,479
Cambodia	Phnom Penh	16,718,965
China	Beijing	1,439,323,776
Cyprus	Nicosia	1,207,359
Georgia	Tbilisi	3,989,167
India	New Delhi	1,380,004,385
Indonesia	Jakarta	273,523,615
Iran	Tehran	83,992,949
Iraq	Baghdad	40,222,493
Israel	Jerusalem	8,655,535
Japan	Tokyo	126,476,461
Jordan	Amman	10,203,134
Kazakhstan	Nur-Sultan	18,776,707
Kuwait	Kuwait City	4,270,571
Kyrgyzstan	Bishkek	6,524,195
Laos	Vientiane	7,275,560
Lebanon	Beirut	6,825,445
Malaysia	Kuala Lumpur	32,365,999
Maldives	Malé	540,544
Mongolia	Ulaanbaatar	3,278,290
Myanmar (Burma)	Naypyidaw	54,409,800
Nepal	Kathmandu	29,136,808
North Korea	Pyongyang	25,778,816
Oman	Muscat	5,106,626
Pakistan	Islamabad	220,892,331
Palestine	Ramallah	5,101,414
Philippines	Manila	109,581,078
Qatar	Doha	2,881,053
Russia	Moscow	145,934,462
Saudi Arabia	Riyadh	34,813,871
Singapore	Singapore	5,850,342
South Korea	Seoul	51,269,185
Sri Lanka	Colombo	21,413,249
Syria	Damascus	17,500,658
Taiwan	Taipei	23,816,775
Tajikistan	Dushanbe	9,537,645
Thailand	Bangkok	69,799,978
Timor-Leste	Dili	1,318,445
Turkey	Ankara	84,339,067
Turkmenistan	Ashgabat	6,031,200
United Arab Emirates	Abu Dhabi	9,890,402
Uzbekistan	Tashkent	33,469,203
Vietnam	Hanoi	97,338,579
Yemen	Sana’a	29,825,964

Afghanistan

Country Overview

Afghanistan is located in South Asia, landlocked by Pakistan, Iran, Turkmenistan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan, and China. The country covers approximately 652,000 square kilometers and has a population of about 38 million. Kabul serves as the capital and largest city. Afghanistan is renowned for its rugged mountains and historical sites such as the Minaret of Jam and the Buddhas of Bamiyan, although many were damaged during recent conflicts.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Islamic Republic of Afghanistan
Largest City: Kabul
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Afghan Afghani (AFN)
Time Zone: Afghanistan Time (AFT), UTC +4:30
Country Calling Code: +93
ISO Country Codes: AFG

Armenia

Country Overview

Armenia is a landlocked country in the South Caucasus region of Eurasia, bordered by Turkey to the west, Georgia to the north, Azerbaijan to the east, and Iran to the south. It covers an area of approximately 29,743 square kilometers and has a population of about 3 million. The capital, Yerevan, is also the largest city and a major cultural center, home to the Matenadaran library which houses thousands of ancient manuscripts. Armenia is famous for its rich history, ancient churches, and monasteries, notably the Geghard Monastery and the temple of Garni.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Armenia
Largest City: Yerevan
Religion: Predominantly Armenian Apostolic Church
Currency: Armenian Dram (AMD)
Time Zone: Armenia Time (AMT), UTC +4
Country Calling Code: +374
ISO Country Codes: ARM

Azerbaijan

Country Overview

Azerbaijan is situated at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia. It is bordered by the Caspian Sea to the east, Russia to the north, Georgia to the northwest, Armenia to the west, and Iran to the south. The country spans 86,600 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 10 million. The capital, Baku, is famous for its medieval walled Inner City. Azerbaijan is known for its oil resources and dramatic landscapes, including the Mud Volcanoes and the fire phenomenon of Yanar Dag.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Azerbaijan
Largest City: Baku
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Azerbaijani Manat (AZN)
Time Zone: Azerbaijan Time (AZT), UTC +4
Country Calling Code: +994
ISO Country Codes: AZE

Bahrain

Country Overview

Bahrain is a small island nation in the Persian Gulf, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the west and Qatar to the southeast across the Gulf of Bahrain. The country covers 780 square kilometers and has a population of about 1.7 million. Manama, the capital and largest city, is known for the Bahrain National Museum which showcases artifacts from the ancient Dilmun civilization that once thrived in the region.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kingdom of Bahrain
Largest City: Manama
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Bahraini Dinar (BHD)
Time Zone: Arabian Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +973
ISO Country Codes: BHR

Bangladesh

Country Overview

Bangladesh is located in South Asia on the Bay of Bengal, bordered by India to the west, north, and east, Myanmar (Burma) to the southeast, and the Bay of Bengal to the south. It covers an area of 148,460 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 163 million, making it one of the most densely populated countries in the world. The capital, Dhaka, is the largest city, known for its vibrant culture and historical sites like the 17th-century Lalbagh Fort.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: People’s Republic of Bangladesh
Largest City: Dhaka
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Bangladeshi Taka (BDT)
Time Zone: Bangladesh Standard Time (BST), UTC +6
Country Calling Code: +880
ISO Country Codes: BGD

Bhutan

Country Overview

Bhutan is a small country in South Asia, landlocked between China to the north and India to the south. It spans roughly 38,394 square kilometers and has a population of about 763,000. Thimphu is the capital and largest city, known for its preserved Buddhist culture and landmarks like Tashichho Dzong, a fortress that houses the royal government and central monastic body. Bhutan is celebrated for its philosophy of Gross National Happiness and pristine natural environments, including steep mountains and lush valleys.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kingdom of Bhutan
Largest City: Thimphu
Religion: Vajrayana Buddhism
Currency: Bhutanese Ngultrum (BTN), Indian Rupee (INR) is also accepted.
Time Zone: Bhutan Time (BTT), UTC +6
Country Calling Code: +975
ISO Country Codes: BTN

Brunei

Country Overview

Brunei, officially known as Brunei Darussalam, is located on the north coast of the island of Borneo in Southeast Asia. It is completely surrounded by the Malaysian state of Sarawak and faces the South China Sea. The country covers 5,765 square kilometers and has a population of about 428,000. Bandar Seri Begawan, the capital, is known for its opulent Sultan Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque and the Istana Nurul Iman Palace, which is the residence of Brunei’s ruling sultan.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Nation of Brunei, the Abode of Peace
Largest City: Bandar Seri Begawan
Religion: Islam
Currency: Brunei Dollar (BND)
Time Zone: Brunei Darussalam Time (BNT), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +673
ISO Country Codes: BRN

Cambodia

Country Overview

Cambodia is located in Southeast Asia, bordered by Thailand to the northwest, Laos to the north, Vietnam to the east, and the Gulf of Thailand to the southwest. It spans approximately 181,035 square kilometers and has a population of around 16 million. Phnom Penh, the capital and largest city, is the political, economic, and cultural center of Cambodia. The country is renowned for the Angkor Wat temple complex, a symbol of Cambodia and a stunning example of Khmer architecture.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kingdom of Cambodia
Largest City: Phnom Penh
Religion: Theravada Buddhism
Currency: Cambodian Riel (KHR)
Time Zone: Indochina Time (ICT), UTC +7
Country Calling Code: +855
ISO Country Codes: KHM

China

Country Overview

China, officially the People’s Republic of China, is located in East Asia and is the world’s most populous country, with a population exceeding 1.4 billion. It spans approximately 9.6 million square kilometers, making it the second-largest country by land area. Beijing, the capital, is known for historical sites such as the Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square, while Shanghai, the largest city, is a global financial hub. China is renowned for its vast and diverse landscape, rich history, and cultural heritage, including the Great Wall and the Terracotta Warriors.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: People’s Republic of China
Largest City: Shanghai
Religion: Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism, along with folk religions
Currency: Renminbi (CNY), commonly known as the Yuan
Time Zone: China Standard Time (CST), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +86
ISO Country Codes: CHN

East Timor (Timor-Leste)

Country Overview

East Timor, or Timor-Leste, is located in Southeast Asia, comprising the eastern half of the island of Timor, the nearby islands of Atauro and Jaco, and Oecusse, an exclave on the northwestern side of the island, within Indonesian West Timor. The country covers 14,874 square kilometers and has a population of about 1.3 million. Dili, the capital and largest city, features significant landmarks like the Cristo Rei of Dili statue. East Timor is known for its rich biodiversity and colonial history.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Democratic Republic of Timor-Leste
Largest City: Dili
Religion: Predominantly Roman Catholic
Currency: United States Dollar (USD)
Time Zone: Timor Leste Time (TLT), UTC +9
Country Calling Code: +670
ISO Country Codes: TLS

Georgia

Country Overview

Georgia is situated at the crossroads of Eastern Europe and Western Asia, bordered by Russia to the north, Azerbaijan to the southeast, Armenia to the south, Turkey to the southwest, and the Black Sea to the west. It covers approximately 69,700 square kilometers and has a population of around 3.7 million. The capital and largest city, Tbilisi, is known for its diverse architecture and mazelike, cobblestone streets. Georgia is celebrated for its ancient wine-making tradition, picturesque landscapes, and rich history that includes several UNESCO World Heritage Sites like the cathedrals of Mtskheta.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Georgia
Largest City: Tbilisi
Religion: Predominantly Eastern Orthodox Christianity
Currency: Georgian Lari (GEL)
Time Zone: Georgia Standard Time (GET), UTC +4
Country Calling Code: +995
ISO Country Codes: GEO

India

Country Overview

India is located in South Asia and is the seventh-largest country by land area, covering about 3.287 million square kilometers. It is bordered by Pakistan, China, Nepal, Bhutan, Bangladesh, and Myanmar and has a coastline along the Indian Ocean. With a population exceeding 1.3 billion, it is the second most populous country. New Delhi serves as the capital, while Mumbai is the largest city known for its Bollywood film industry. India is famous for its diverse cultures, languages, festivals, and landmarks such as the Taj Mahal, the forts of Rajasthan, and the gateways of Mumbai.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of India
Largest City: Mumbai
Religion: Predominantly Hinduism, with significant numbers of Muslims, Christians, Sikhs, and Buddhists
Currency: Indian Rupee (INR)
Time Zone: Indian Standard Time (IST), UTC +5:30
Country Calling Code: +91
ISO Country Codes: IND

Indonesia

Country Overview

Indonesia, located in Southeast Asia and Oceania, is the world’s largest archipelago state, with over 17,000 islands, of which about 6,000 are inhabited. It spans roughly 1.904 million square kilometers and has a population of about 273 million, making it the fourth most populous country. Jakarta, on the island of Java, is the capital and largest city. Indonesia is known for its diverse ecosystems, which include extensive rainforests, numerous volcanoes, and abundant wildlife, as well as cultural heritage sites like Borobudur and Bali.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Indonesia
Largest City: Jakarta
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Indonesian Rupiah (IDR)
Time Zone: Varies from UTC +7 in Western Indonesia to UTC +9 in Eastern Indonesia
Country Calling Code: +62
ISO Country Codes: IDN

Iran

Country Overview

Iran, located in Western Asia, is bordered by Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkmenistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Iraq, and Turkey, with a coastline along the Persian Gulf and the Gulf of Oman. It covers approximately 1.648 million square kilometers and has a population of about 83 million. Tehran, the capital and largest city, is known for its rich history reflected in architecture and museums. Iran is renowned for its significant contributions to art, culture, and science over the centuries, including Persian poetry and the architectural designs of Isfahan.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Islamic Republic of Iran
Largest City: Tehran
Religion: Predominantly Shia Islam
Currency: Iranian Rial (IRR)
Time Zone: Iran Standard Time (IRST), UTC +3:30
Country Calling Code: +98
ISO Country Codes: IRN

Iraq

Country Overview

Iraq is located in the Middle East, bordered by Turkey, Iran, Kuwait, Saudi Arabia, Jordan, and Syria, with a narrow coastline at the Persian Gulf. It covers about 438,317 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 40 million. Baghdad, the capital and largest city, has been a prominent center of Arab culture and Islamic civilization. Iraq is known for its rich history, once home to ancient Mesopotamia, the “cradle of civilization,” with historical sites like Babylon and the Ziggurat of Ur.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Iraq
Largest City: Baghdad
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Iraqi Dinar (IQD)
Time Zone: Arabian Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +964
ISO Country Codes: IRQ

Israel

Country Overview

Israel is located on the southeastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea and the northern shore of the Red Sea. It shares borders with Lebanon to the north, Syria to the northeast, Jordan to the east, and Egypt to the southwest. Covering approximately 20,770 square kilometers, Israel has a population of about 9.2 million. Jerusalem, claimed as the capital, is one of the oldest cities in the world and a holy city for Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Tel Aviv, known for its vibrant lifestyle and technological advancements, is the economic and technological center. Israel is renowned for its historical sites, technological innovations, and diverse cultural landscape.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: State of Israel
Largest City: Jerusalem (most populous and largest by area)
Religion: Judaism is the major religion, with significant Muslim and Christian minorities
Currency: Israeli New Shekel (ILS)
Time Zone: Israel Standard Time (IST), UTC +2; Israel Daylight Time (IDT), UTC +3 in summer
Country Calling Code: +972
ISO Country Codes: ISR

Japan

Country Overview

Japan is an island nation in East Asia, located in the Pacific Ocean and lying to the east of China, Korea, and Russia, stretching from the Sea of Okhotsk in the north to the East China Sea and Taiwan in the south. Japan comprises about 6,852 islands, covering 377,975 square kilometers, and has a population of approximately 126 million. Tokyo, the capital and largest city, is a major global financial center. Japan is known for its blend of traditional and modern, from ancient temples and practices like tea ceremonies to advanced technology and anime culture.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Japan
Largest City: Tokyo
Religion: Shintoism and Buddhism are the most practiced religions
Currency: Japanese Yen (JPY)
Time Zone: Japan Standard Time (JST), UTC +9
Country Calling Code: +81
ISO Country Codes: JPN

Jordan

Country Overview

Jordan is located in the Middle East, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and east, Iraq to the northeast, Syria to the north, and Israel and Palestine to the west. The country covers 89,342 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 10 million. Amman, the capital and largest city, houses ancient sites like the historic Citadel and the Roman Theatre. Jordan is renowned for the ancient city of Petra, a UNESCO World Heritage Site and one of the New Seven Wonders of the World.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Hashemite Kingdom of Jordan
Largest City: Amman
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Jordanian Dinar (JOD)
Time Zone: Eastern European Time (EET), UTC +2; Eastern European Summer Time (EEST), UTC +3 in summer
Country Calling Code: +962
ISO Country Codes: JOR

Kazakhstan

Country Overview

Kazakhstan is the largest landlocked country in the world, located in Central Asia and Eastern Europe, bordered by Russia to the north, China to the east, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, and Turkmenistan to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the west. It covers an area of 2,724,900 square kilometers and has a population of about 18.8 million. Nur-Sultan, formerly known as Astana, is the capital and second-largest city, known for its futuristic architecture. Almaty, the largest city, is a major cultural and economic center. Kazakhstan is known for its vast steppes, economic resources, and as a pivotal space launch site.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Kazakhstan
Largest City: Almaty
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Kazakhstani Tenge (KZT)
Time Zone: West Kazakhstan (UTC +5), East Kazakhstan (UTC +6)
Country Calling Code: +7
ISO Country Codes: KAZ

Kuwait

Country Overview

Kuwait is located at the tip of the Persian Gulf, bordered by Iraq to the north and Saudi Arabia to the south and west. It covers approximately 17,818 square kilometers and has a population of about 4.3 million. Kuwait City, the capital and largest city, is known for its modern architecture, ranging from skyscrapers to the striking Kuwait Towers. The country has significant oil reserves, making it one of the richest countries in the world per capita.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: State of Kuwait
Largest City: Kuwait City
Religion: Islam
Currency: Kuwaiti Dinar (KWD)
Time Zone: Arabian Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +965
ISO Country Codes: KWT

Kyrgyzstan

Country Overview

Kyrgyzstan, officially known as the Kyrgyz Republic, is a landlocked country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Uzbekistan to the west, Tajikistan to the south, and China to the east. It covers an area of about 199,951 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 6.5 million. Bishkek, the capital and largest city, serves as the political, economic, and cultural hub of Kyrgyzstan. The country is renowned for its natural beauty, featuring rugged mountains and alpine lakes, most notably Lake Issyk-Kul, a popular tourist destination.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kyrgyz Republic
Largest City: Bishkek
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Kyrgyzstani Som (KGS)
Time Zone: Kyrgyzstan Time (KGT), UTC +6
Country Calling Code: +996
ISO Country Codes: KGZ

Laos

Country Overview

Laos is a landlocked country in Southeast Asia, bordered by China to the north, Vietnam to the east, Cambodia to the south, Thailand to the west, and Myanmar to the northwest. It spans approximately 236,800 square kilometers and has a population of about 7.2 million. Vientiane, the capital and largest city, is known for its Buddhist monasteries and landmarks including That Luang, a gold-covered Buddhist stupa. Laos is celebrated for its mountainous terrain, French colonial architecture, and vibrant Buddhist culture.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Lao People’s Democratic Republic
Largest City: Vientiane
Religion: Predominantly Theravada Buddhism
Currency: Lao Kip (LAK)
Time Zone: Indochina Time (ICT), UTC +7
Country Calling Code: +856
ISO Country Codes: LAO

Lebanon

Country Overview

Lebanon is located on the eastern shore of the Mediterranean Sea, bordered by Syria to the north and east and Israel to the south, with a narrow coastline along the Mediterranean. It covers about 10,452 square kilometers and has a population of around 6.8 million. Beirut, the capital and largest city, is a major cultural and historical hub in the region, known for its vibrant nightlife and the Beirut National Museum. Lebanon is famed for its diverse culture, historical ruins, and as a former center of trade and culture in ancient times.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Lebanese Republic
Largest City: Beirut
Religion: No official state religion, significant Christian and Muslim populations
Currency: Lebanese Pound (LBP)
Time Zone: Eastern European Time (EET), UTC +2; Eastern European Summer Time (EEST), UTC +3 in summer
Country Calling Code: +961
ISO Country Codes: LBN

Malaysia

Country Overview

Malaysia is a country in Southeast Asia, consisting of 13 states and three federal territories, divided by the South China Sea into two similarly sized regions, Peninsular Malaysia and East Malaysia (Malaysian Borneo). It covers a total area of about 330,803 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 32 million. Kuala Lumpur is the national capital and largest city, known for its modern skyline dominated by the iconic Petronas Twin Towers. Malaysia is known for its beaches, rainforests, and a mix of Malay, Chinese, Indian, and European cultural influences.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Malaysia
Largest City: Kuala Lumpur
Religion: Islam is the state religion, with Hinduism, Buddhism, and Christianity also practiced widely
Currency: Malaysian Ringgit (MYR)
Time Zone: Malaysia Time (MYT), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +60
ISO Country Codes: MYS

Maldives

Country Overview

The Maldives is an archipelago and sovereign island country in the Indian Ocean, situated approximately 700 kilometers (430 mi) southwest of Sri Lanka and India. It consists of 26 atolls, which are composed of more than 1,000 coral islands. The country covers roughly 298 square kilometers, making it one of the world’s most geographically dispersed sovereign states as well as the smallest Asian country by land area and population, with around 515,000 people. Malé is the capital and most populated city, known for its mosques and colorful buildings. The Maldives is famed for its clear waters, coral reefs, and as a popular luxury tourist destination.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Maldives
Largest City: Malé
Religion: Islam
Currency: Maldivian Rufiyaa (MVR)
Time Zone: Maldives Time (MVT), UTC +5
Country Calling Code: +960
ISO Country Codes: MDV

Mongolia

Country Overview

Mongolia is a landlocked country located between China and Russia in East Asia. It’s known for its vast, rugged expanses and nomadic culture. Mongolia covers an area of about 1.56 million square kilometers, making it one of the world’s largest landlocked countries with a relatively small population of around 3.3 million. The capital and largest city, Ulaanbaatar, is home to approximately half of the country’s population. Key landmarks include the Genghis Khan Statue Complex and the Gandantegchinlen Monastery. Mongolia is famed for its vast steppes, extreme climates, and traditional festivals like Naadam, which showcases Mongolian wrestling, horse racing, and archery.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Mongolia
Largest City: Ulaanbaatar
Religion: Predominantly Tibetan Buddhism
Currency: Mongolian Tögrög (MNT)
Time Zone: Ulaanbaatar Time (ULAT), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +976
ISO Country Codes: MNG

Myanmar (Burma)

Country Overview

Myanmar, also known as Burma, is located in Southeast Asia and is bordered by India and Bangladesh to the west, China to the north and northeast, Laos and Thailand to the east and southeast, and the Andaman Sea and the Bay of Bengal to the south. It covers about 676,578 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 54 million. Naypyidaw is the capital city, while Yangon (formerly Rangoon), the largest city, is the country’s major economic center. Myanmar is renowned for its ancient temples, vibrant cultural heritage, and diverse ethnic groups. Notable landmarks include the Shwedagon Pagoda in Yangon and the historical temple complexes of Bagan.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of the Union of Myanmar
Largest City: Yangon
Religion: Predominantly Buddhism
Currency: Myanmar Kyat (MMK)
Time Zone: Myanmar Standard Time (MMT), UTC +6:30
Country Calling Code: +95
ISO Country Codes: MMR

Nepal

Country Overview

Nepal is a landlocked country in South Asia located mainly in the Himalayas but also includes parts of the Indo-Gangetic Plain. It borders China to the north and India to the south, east, and west. Nepal covers a total area of 147,516 square kilometers and has a population of about 29 million. Kathmandu is the nation’s capital and largest city. Nepal is famous for Mount Everest, the highest point on Earth, and its rich history that includes the birthplace of Buddha, Lumbini. The country is known for its temple architecture, trekking routes, and as a center for yoga and meditation.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Federal Democratic Republic of Nepal
Largest City: Kathmandu
Religion: Predominantly Hinduism, with a significant Buddhist minority
Currency: Nepalese Rupee (NPR)
Time Zone: Nepal Time (NPT), UTC +5:45
Country Calling Code: +977
ISO Country Codes: NPL

North Korea

Country Overview

North Korea, officially known as the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea (DPRK), is located on the Korean Peninsula in East Asia, bordering South Korea, China, and Russia. It covers an area of about 120,540 square kilometers and has an estimated population of around 25 million. Pyongyang is the capital and largest city. North Korea is known for its centralized government, militaristic society, and significant cultural heritage, including landmarks such as the Kumsusan Palace of the Sun and the ancient city of Kaesong.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Democratic People’s Republic of Korea
Largest City: Pyongyang
Religion: Officially atheist, traditional Korean religions practiced privately
Currency: North Korean Won (KPW)
Time Zone: Pyongyang Time (KST), UTC +9
Country Calling Code: +850
ISO Country Codes: PRK

Oman

Country Overview

Oman is located on the southeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula and is bordered by the United Arab Emirates to the northwest, Saudi Arabia to the west, and Yemen to the southwest. It has coastlines along the Arabian Sea, Gulf of Oman, and Persian Gulf. Oman covers about 309,500 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 4.6 million. Muscat is the capital and largest city, known for its bustling markets and beautiful architecture, including the Sultan Qaboos Grand Mosque. Oman has a rich maritime history and is known for its diverse landscapes, which include desert, riverbed oases, and long coastlines.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Sultanate of Oman
Largest City: Muscat
Religion: Islam
Currency: Omani Rial (OMR)
Time Zone: Gulf Standard Time (GST), UTC +4
Country Calling Code: +968
ISO Country Codes: OMN

Pakistan

Country Overview

Pakistan is located in South Asia, bordered by India to the east, Afghanistan and Iran to the west, and China to the north, with a southern coastline along the Arabian Sea. It covers about 881,913 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 220 million, making it the world’s fifth-most populous country. Islamabad is the capital, while Karachi is the largest city and main commercial hub. Pakistan is known for its diverse landscapes, ranging from mountains in the north (including K2, the world’s second-highest peak) to the rich agricultural lands of the Punjab, and its deep historical roots with sites like the ancient city of Mohenjo-Daro.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Islamic Republic of Pakistan
Largest City: Karachi
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Pakistani Rupee (PKR)
Time Zone: Pakistan Standard Time (PST), UTC +5
Country Calling Code: +92
ISO Country Codes: PAK

Philippines

Country Overview

The Philippines is an archipelago in Southeast Asia, consisting of about 7,641 islands. It’s located in the western Pacific Ocean and bordered by the South China Sea to the west, the Philippine Sea to the east, and the Celebes Sea to the south. The country covers about 300,000 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 109 million. Manila is the capital, while Quezon City is the most populous city. The Philippines is known for its rich biodiversity, stunning beaches, and complex history with influences from Spanish and American rule, reflected in its diverse culture and heritage sites like the historic city of Vigan and the Baroque churches of the Philippines.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of the Philippines
Largest City: Quezon City
Religion: Predominantly Roman Catholic
Currency: Philippine Peso (PHP)
Time Zone: Philippine Standard Time (PST), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +63
ISO Country Codes: PHL

Qatar

Country Overview

Qatar is a small but wealthy country located on the northeastern coast of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the south and the Persian Gulf to the north. It covers about 11,586 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 2.8 million, with a significant proportion of expatriates. Doha, the capital and largest city, is known for its futuristic skyscrapers and other ultramodern architecture inspired by ancient Islamic design, such as the Museum of Islamic Art. Qatar has significant oil and natural gas reserves and will host the 2022 FIFA World Cup.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: State of Qatar
Largest City: Doha
Religion: Islam
Currency: Qatari Riyal (QAR)
Time Zone: Arabian Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +974
ISO Country Codes: QAT

Saudi Arabia

Country Overview

Saudi Arabia is a vast country that occupies most of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Jordan and Iraq to the north, Kuwait to the northeast, Qatar, Bahrain, and the United Arab Emirates to the east, Oman to the southeast, and Yemen to the south. It has coastlines along the Red Sea and the Persian Gulf and covers about 2.15 million square kilometers, with a population of approximately 34 million. Riyadh is the capital and largest city. Saudi Arabia is the birthplace of Islam and home to Islam’s two holiest cities, Mecca and Medina. The country’s economy is heavily dependent on oil, and it’s known for its conservative form of Wahhabi Sunni Islam.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kingdom of Saudi Arabia
Largest City: Riyadh
Religion: Islam
Currency: Saudi Riyal (SAR)
Time Zone: Arabian Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +966
ISO Country Codes: SAU

Singapore

Country Overview

Singapore is a sovereign city-state and island country in Southeast Asia, situated at the southern tip of the Malay Peninsula, south of the Malaysian state of Johor, and north of the Indonesian Riau Islands. It’s a global financial center in a strategic location and covers about 728.6 square kilometers, making it one of the smallest countries in the world but also one of the most densely populated, with a population of about 5.7 million. Singapore is known for its highly developed economy, strict regulations, and impressive public transportation system. Major landmarks include Marina Bay Sands, Gardens by the Bay, and the iconic Merlion.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Singapore
Largest City: Singapore (city-state)
Religion: Buddhism, Christianity, Islam, Taoism, and Hinduism
Currency: Singapore Dollar (SGD)
Time Zone: Singapore Standard Time (SST), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +65
ISO Country Codes: SGP

South Korea

Country Overview

South Korea, officially known as the Republic of Korea, is located in East Asia on the southern half of the Korean Peninsula. It is bordered by North Korea to the north, with the Yellow Sea to the west and the Sea of Japan to the east. South Korea covers approximately 100,210 square kilometers and has a population of about 51 million. Seoul, the capital and largest city, is a bustling metropolis known for its skyscrapers, pop culture, and advanced technology. South Korea is celebrated for its rapid economic growth, known as the “Miracle on the Han River,” and cultural exports such as K-pop and Korean drama, which are significant aspects of the Korean Wave (Hallyu).

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Korea
Largest City: Seoul
Religion: Predominantly non-religious, with substantial Christian and Buddhist minorities
Currency: South Korean Won (KRW)
Time Zone: Korea Standard Time (KST), UTC +9
Country Calling Code: +82
ISO Country Codes: KOR

Sri Lanka

Country Overview

Sri Lanka, formerly known as Ceylon, is an island nation south of India in the Indian Ocean. It covers approximately 65,610 square kilometers and has a population of around 22 million. Sri Lanka’s capital is Sri Jayawardenepura Kotte, while Colombo is the largest city and commercial capital. The country is renowned for its rich Buddhist heritage, lush tea gardens, and beautiful beaches. Notable sites include the ancient city of Sigiriya, the Temple of the Tooth in Kandy, and the historic fort city of Galle.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Democratic Socialist Republic of Sri Lanka
Largest City: Colombo
Religion: Predominantly Buddhism
Currency: Sri Lankan Rupee (LKR)
Time Zone: Sri Lanka Standard Time (SLST), UTC +5:30
Country Calling Code: +94
ISO Country Codes: LKA

Syria

Country Overview

Syria is located in Western Asia, bordering the Mediterranean Sea to the west, Turkey to the north, Iraq to the east, Jordan to the south, and Israel to the southwest. It covers approximately 185,180 square kilometers and has a population of about 17 million, although this number has fluctuated due to the recent conflict. Damascus, one of the world’s oldest continuously inhabited cities, serves as the capital. Syria is known for its historical sites, such as the ancient cities of Palmyra and Aleppo, though many have suffered damage in the ongoing civil war.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Syrian Arab Republic
Largest City: Damascus
Religion: Islam, with significant Christian minorities
Currency: Syrian Pound (SYP)
Time Zone: Eastern European Time (EET), UTC +2; Eastern European Summer Time (EEST), UTC +3 in summer
Country Calling Code: +963
ISO Country Codes: SYR

Taiwan

Country Overview

Taiwan, officially known as the Republic of China (ROC), is an island off the southeastern coast of China. It spans about 36,197 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 23.4 million. Taipei serves as the capital, with New Taipei City being the most populous. Taiwan is known for its vibrant democracy, advanced technology industry, and bustling night markets. Key attractions include Taipei 101, one of the tallest buildings in the world, and the beautiful Taroko Gorge.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of China (Taiwan)
Largest City: New Taipei City
Religion: Mixture of Buddhism, Taoism, and Confucianism
Currency: New Taiwan Dollar (TWD)
Time Zone: Taiwan Standard Time (TST), UTC +8
Country Calling Code: +886
ISO Country Codes: TWN

Tajikistan

Country Overview

Tajikistan is a landlocked country in Central Asia surrounded by Afghanistan, China, Kyrgyzstan, and Uzbekistan. It covers 143,100 square kilometers and has a population of about 9.5 million. Dushanbe, the capital and largest city, is known for its Soviet-era architecture and monuments. The country features rugged mountains suitable for trekking and hiking, particularly in the Fann Mountains.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Tajikistan
Largest City: Dushanbe
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Tajikistani Somoni (TJS)
Time Zone: Tajikistan Time (TJT), UTC +5
Country Calling Code: +992
ISO Country Codes: TJK

Thailand

Country Overview

Thailand is located in Southeast Asia, bordered by Myanmar to the northwest, Laos to the northeast, Cambodia to the southeast, and Malaysia to the south, with coastlines along the Andaman Sea and the Gulf of Thailand. It covers approximately 513,120 square kilometers and has a population of about 69 million. Bangkok, the capital and largest city, is a major hub for tourism with its vibrant street life, cultural landmarks, and bustling markets. Thailand is renowned for its beautiful beaches, royal palaces, ancient ruins, and ornate temples displaying figures of Buddha.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Kingdom of Thailand
Largest City: Bangkok
Religion: Predominantly Buddhism
Currency: Thai Baht (THB)
Time Zone: Indochina Time (ICT), UTC +7
Country Calling Code: +66
ISO Country Codes: THA

Turkey

Country Overview

Turkey is a transcontinental country located mainly on the Anatolian Peninsula in Western Asia, with a smaller portion on the Balkan Peninsula in Southeastern Europe. It is bordered by eight countries and surrounded by three seas: the Aegean Sea to the west, the Black Sea to the north, and the Mediterranean to the south. Turkey covers about 783,356 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 82 million. Ankara is the capital, while Istanbul, the largest city, serves as a cultural and economic hub, known for its historical sites including the Hagia Sophia, Topkapi Palace, and the Blue Mosque. Turkey is celebrated for its rich history, diverse landscapes, and culinary traditions.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Turkey
Largest City: Istanbul
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Turkish Lira (TRY)
Time Zone: Turkey Time (TRT), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +90
ISO Country Codes: TUR

Turkmenistan

Country Overview

Turkmenistan is a country in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the northwest, Uzbekistan to the north and east, Afghanistan to the southeast, Iran to the south, and the Caspian Sea to the west. It covers 488,100 square kilometers and has a population of about 6 million. Ashgabat, the capital and largest city, is known for its white marble buildings and grand national monuments. Turkmenistan is rich in natural gas resources and has a heavily state-controlled economy. It is known for its arid desert landscapes and architectural landmarks such as the Darvaza gas crater, also known as the “Door to Hell”.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Turkmenistan
Largest City: Ashgabat
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Turkmenistan Manat (TMT)
Time Zone: Turkmenistan Time (TMT), UTC +5
Country Calling Code: +993
ISO Country Codes: TKM

United Arab Emirates

Country Overview

The United Arab Emirates (UAE) is a federation of seven emirates on the eastern side of the Arabian Peninsula, bordering Oman and Saudi Arabia, and sharing sea borders with Iran and Qatar. It covers about 83,600 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 9.4 million. Abu Dhabi is the capital and the largest emirate, known for its oil exports and commerce. Dubai, the most populous city, is renowned for its futuristic architecture, luxury shopping, and vibrant nightlife. The UAE is known for its massive oil and natural gas reserves, economic prosperity, and landmarks like the Burj Khalifa and the Palm Jumeirah.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: United Arab Emirates
Largest City: Dubai
Religion: Islam
Currency: United Arab Emirates Dirham (AED)
Time Zone: Gulf Standard Time (GST), UTC +4
Country Calling Code: +971
ISO Country Codes: ARE

Uzbekistan

Country Overview

Uzbekistan is located in Central Asia, bordered by Kazakhstan to the north, Kyrgyzstan to the northeast, Tajikistan to the southeast, Afghanistan to the south, and Turkmenistan to the southwest. It covers an area of about 447,400 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 33 million. Tashkent is the capital and largest city, known for its mix of modern and Soviet-era architecture. Uzbekistan is famous for its rich history as part of the Silk Road, with major cities like Samarkand, Bukhara, and Khiva featuring well-preserved Islamic architecture.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Uzbekistan
Largest City: Tashkent
Religion: Predominantly Islam
Currency: Uzbekistani Soʻm (UZS)
Time Zone: Uzbekistan Time (UZT), UTC +5
Country Calling Code: +998
ISO Country Codes: UZB

Vietnam

Country Overview

Vietnam is located in Southeast Asia, bordered by China to the north, Laos and Cambodia to the west, and the South China Sea to the east and south. It spans approximately 331,210 square kilometers and has a population of about 96 million. Hanoi is the capital city, known for its centuries-old architecture and a rich culture with Southeast Asian, Chinese, and French influences. The largest city, Ho Chi Minh City (formerly Saigon), is a major commercial and economic hub, reflecting the dynamic and rapidly growing aspects of the country. Vietnam is renowned for its beaches, rivers, Buddhist pagodas, and bustling markets.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Socialist Republic of Vietnam
Largest City: Ho Chi Minh City
Religion: Predominantly Buddhism, with significant folk and Confucian beliefs
Currency: Vietnamese Dong (VND)
Time Zone: Indochina Time (ICT), UTC +7
Country Calling Code: +84
ISO Country Codes: VNM

Yemen

Country Overview

Yemen is located on the southern tip of the Arabian Peninsula, bordered by Saudi Arabia to the north, the Red Sea to the west, the Arabian Sea and Gulf of Aden to the south, and Oman to the east. It covers about 527,968 square kilometers and has a population of approximately 29 million. Sana’a, the capital, is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, known for its unique architectural style and historic buildings. Yemen is currently facing significant political and humanitarian challenges. It is known for its beautiful landscapes and historical sites, including the Old City of Sana’a and the ancient skyscraper city of Shibam in Hadramawt.

Country Facts

Formal Country Name: Republic of Yemen
Largest City: Sana’a
Religion: Islam
Currency: Yemeni Rial (YER)
Time Zone: Arabia Standard Time (AST), UTC +3
Country Calling Code: +967
ISO Country Codes: YEM

Regions in Asia

The following subdivision of Asia into regions is used, for example, by the UN statistical agency UNSD: