China, the most populous country in the world with a population exceeding 1.4 billion, is also one of the largest consumers and producers of meat. As the country’s economic development continues, there is an increasing demand for meat products, both from domestic production and imports. The meat market in China is diverse, encompassing a wide range of products such as pork, beef, chicken, lamb, and processed meats. The meat industry is also a significant contributor to China’s agricultural GDP, with the overall meat market valued at $350 billion in 2023, and it is projected to grow further over the next decade.

China’s consumption of meat has been growing steadily due to urbanization, rising incomes, and changing dietary preferences. As of 2023, pork remains the most consumed type of meat, making up nearly 60% of China’s total meat consumption, followed by poultry, beef, and lamb.

This report offers an in-depth analysis of the meat market in China, covering key trends, drivers of growth, major players, consumption patterns, and future projections.

Key Drivers of Growth in the Meat Market

Rising Income Levels and Urbanization

One of the most significant drivers of growth in the meat market is the rising income levels in China. With more than 500 million people classified as middle class, there is an increasing demand for meat products as consumers shift toward higher-protein diets. This trend is particularly prominent in urban areas, where there is a higher proportion of wealthier consumers who can afford premium meats such as beef and lamb.

Urbanization is also playing a critical role in expanding the meat market. Over 60% of China’s population now resides in urban areas, a number that is expected to rise to 70% by 2030. As more people migrate to cities, their consumption patterns change, and they tend to adopt diets with a higher emphasis on meat, convenience, and processed foods.

Changing Consumer Preferences and Health Trends

As Chinese consumers become more health-conscious, their preferences for meat are shifting toward leaner, more sustainable options. While pork continues to dominate, there has been a growing trend toward the consumption of beef, poultry, and fish, which are seen as healthier alternatives. Additionally, consumers are increasingly seeking meat products that are free from antibiotics, hormones, and other chemicals.

Processed meats, such as sausages, deli meats, and ready-to-eat meals, are also seeing significant growth as they cater to busy lifestyles and convenience-seeking consumers. The processed meat segment is estimated to account for 10-12% of total meat sales in China, and it is projected to grow at a rate of 7-9% annually.

Government Policies and Food Security

The Chinese government plays a crucial role in shaping the meat market through policies aimed at ensuring food security and stabilizing meat prices. In response to concerns about food safety, the government has implemented various regulations to improve the safety and traceability of meat products, especially during the African Swine Fever (ASF) outbreaks that impacted the pork industry in recent years.

Additionally, the government has been promoting the development of modern meat processing plants, encouraging large-scale commercial production to meet the increasing demand for meat. As China works toward achieving self-sufficiency in meat production, it is also investing heavily in technological advancements in the meat supply chain, including cold storage and logistics infrastructure.

Types of Meat Consumed in China

Pork: The Dominant Meat in China

Pork has long been the staple meat in China, accounting for approximately 60% of total meat consumption. The country is the world’s largest producer and consumer of pork, and in 2023, pork consumption reached 58 million tons. Chinese consumers have a deep cultural affinity for pork, which is used in a wide variety of dishes, from stir-fries to soups and dumplings.

The pork market in China was valued at over $200 billion in 2023. However, the pork industry has faced significant challenges in recent years, particularly the outbreak of African Swine Fever (ASF), which devastated pig populations and led to a major disruption in pork production. In response to ASF, China has been working to rebuild its domestic pig population, while also importing pork to meet demand.

Despite these setbacks, pork remains the primary protein source for many households, and demand for pork is expected to stabilize and continue to grow in the coming years. The growing popularity of pork-based processed products, such as sausages and bacon, further supports the expansion of the pork market.

Poultry: A Growing Segment

Poultry, particularly chicken, is the second most consumed meat in China, accounting for approximately 25-30% of total meat consumption. The chicken market has benefited from its affordability, versatility, and perceived health benefits. Chicken is considered a leaner meat compared to pork and beef, and as Chinese consumers become more health-conscious, chicken has gained popularity.

In 2023, chicken consumption in China reached 14 million tons, and the market for poultry products was valued at $50 billion. The growing middle class, along with the increasing demand for processed and ready-to-eat poultry products, is expected to continue driving growth in this segment. Additionally, the rise of fast food chains and restaurant demand for chicken products has contributed to the expanding poultry market.

Beef and Lamb: Premium Meat Options

Beef and lamb are considered premium meats in China and are often associated with higher status or special occasions. Beef consumption in China remains relatively low compared to pork and poultry but has been growing steadily over the past decade. In 2023, beef consumption reached 8 million tons, and the market was valued at $20 billion. Beef is seen as a healthier alternative to pork, particularly among younger consumers who are more likely to adopt Western-style diets.

The consumption of lamb is also on the rise, particularly in northern and western regions of China, where lamb has long been a traditional meat. The lamb market in China was valued at $5 billion in 2023, with consumption reaching approximately 2 million tons. Like beef, lamb is often associated with premium dining experiences and is used in a variety of dishes, including hot pots and grilled meats.

Processed Meats: A Growing Trend

Processed meats, including sausages, hot dogs, deli meats, and pre-packaged meals, have become increasingly popular in China due to the fast-paced lifestyle of urban consumers. As more Chinese consumers seek convenience and ready-to-eat meal solutions, the processed meat segment has experienced significant growth.

The processed meat market in China is valued at $35 billion in 2023, with an annual growth rate of 8-10%. The market is driven by the expansion of modern retail formats, including supermarkets and convenience stores, which offer a wide range of processed meat products. Additionally, growing demand for snack foods and frozen ready-to-eat meals has further fueled the growth of the processed meat segment.

Major Players in the Chinese Meat Market

WH Group (Shuanghui)

WH Group, formerly known as Shuanghui, is one of the largest and most influential players in China’s meat market. The company is the world’s largest pork producer and processor, with operations that span the entire pork supply chain, from breeding to processing and distribution. In 2023, WH Group reported revenues of $30 billion, with a significant portion of this coming from its operations in China.

WH Group’s flagship brand, Shuanghui, is one of the most recognized names in China’s pork industry, offering a wide range of fresh, frozen, and processed pork products. The company also operates a significant retail and e-commerce business, which has expanded in recent years to meet the growing demand for online meat shopping.

China National Chemical Corporation (ChemChina)

China National Chemical Corporation, or ChemChina, is another key player in the meat industry, particularly in the poultry sector. ChemChina owns China National Poultry, which is one of the largest poultry producers in China. The company operates numerous processing plants across the country, supplying chicken and other poultry products to both domestic and international markets.

In 2023, ChemChina’s poultry division generated revenues of $7 billion, and it continues to expand its presence through acquisitions and investments in poultry production technology. The company is well-positioned to capitalize on the growing demand for poultry products in China.

New Hope Group

New Hope Group is one of China’s largest agricultural and food companies, with a significant presence in the meat market. The company is involved in both poultry and pork production, as well as meat processing and retail. New Hope Group has built a reputation for producing high-quality meat products, including fresh and frozen pork, chicken, and processed meats.

New Hope Group reported revenues of $12 billion in 2023, with the meat segment accounting for a substantial portion of this. The company has expanded its reach by establishing a strong distribution network and increasing its presence in international markets.

Tyson Foods

Tyson Foods, the U.S.-based food company, is another important player in the Chinese meat market. While the company is best known for its poultry products, it also has a growing presence in the pork and beef sectors in China. In 2023, Tyson Foods reported revenues of $3 billion from its operations in China.

Tyson Foods has strategically focused on expanding its operations in China by partnering with local companies and investing in the development of new products tailored to Chinese consumer preferences. The company is well-positioned to benefit from the growing demand for high-quality poultry and processed meat products in China.

Consumption Trends and Consumer Behavior

Health and Wellness Focus

As Chinese consumers become more health-conscious, there is an increasing demand for leaner meats such as chicken and beef, which are perceived as healthier alternatives to pork. In particular, the trend toward protein-rich diets is gaining momentum, driven by growing awareness of the benefits of animal protein for muscle development and overall health.

At the same time, there is an increasing awareness of food safety and traceability, especially after the outbreaks of diseases such as African Swine Fever. As a result, consumers are demanding higher-quality meat products, including those that are free from antibiotics, hormones, and other additives.

E-Commerce and Convenience

The rise of e-commerce in China has significantly impacted meat consumption patterns. Online shopping platforms such as Alibaba’s Tmall and JD.com have made it easier for consumers to purchase meat products directly from home. The convenience of online ordering, along with doorstep delivery services, has made online meat shopping increasingly popular, particularly in urban areas.

The online meat market in China was valued at $15 billion in 2023, with the sector expected to grow rapidly in the coming years. This trend is driven by the convenience and quality assurance offered by e-commerce platforms, as well as the increasing reliance on digital payment systems.

Preference for Premium Products

As disposable incomes rise and consumers become more discerning, there is an increasing demand for premium meat products. These include organic meats, grass-fed beef, and free-range poultry, which are seen as higher-quality and healthier alternatives to conventionally raised meat.

In addition to premium cuts, there is growing interest in processed and ready-to-eat meats, which are seen as more convenient for busy urban consumers. This trend has driven growth in the premium processed meat segment, which is expected to continue expanding as consumers seek more convenient and high-quality meat options.

Future Outlook for the Meat Market in China

Continued Growth in Meat Consumption

The meat market in China is expected to continue its growth trajectory, driven by rising income levels, urbanization, and changing consumer preferences. While pork will remain the dominant meat in China, the growing demand for poultry, beef, and lamb will contribute to diversification in meat consumption. By 2030, it is projected that China’s total meat consumption will increase by 30-35%, with the market value reaching approximately $500 billion.

Shift Toward Sustainable and Alternative Proteins

As environmental concerns about meat production continue to grow, there is increasing interest in alternative protein sources. While plant-based meats are still in the early stages of adoption, they are expected to gain popularity in China as consumers become more aware of the environmental impact of traditional meat production. The development of lab-grown meats is also being explored, with China positioning itself as a leader in the research and development of this technology.

The future of the meat market in China will likely see greater diversification in protein sources, with both traditional and alternative meats playing a role in the country’s evolving dietary patterns.